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  1. The TEI-based ISO standard “Transcription of Spoken Language” as an exchange format within CLARIN and beyond
    Autor*in: Hedeland, Hanna ; Schmidt, Thomas
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  Utrecht : CLARIN ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    This paper describes the TEI-based ISO standard 2462:2016 “Transcription of spoken language” and other formats used within CLARIN for spoken language resources. It assesses the current state of support for the standard and the interoperability... mehr

     

    This paper describes the TEI-based ISO standard 2462:2016 “Transcription of spoken language” and other formats used within CLARIN for spoken language resources. It assesses the current state of support for the standard and the interoperability between these formats and with relevant tools and services. The main idea behind the paper is that a digital infrastructure providing language resources and services to researchers should also allow the combined use of resources and/or services from different contexts. This requires syntactic and semantic interoperability. We propose a solution based on the ISO/TEI format and describe the necessary steps for this format to work as an exchange format with basic semantic interoperability for spoken language resources across the CLARIN infrastructure and beyond.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: ISO-Norm; Mündliche Kommunikation; Transkription; Text Encoding Initiative; Korpus; Computerlinguistik; Datenmanagement
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  2. Data point selection for genre-aware parsing
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; Bildhauer, Felix
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Prague : Charles University

    In the NLP literature, adapting a parser to new text with properties different from the training data is commonly referred to as domain adaptation. In practice, however, the differences between texts from different sources often reflect a mixture of... mehr

     

    In the NLP literature, adapting a parser to new text with properties different from the training data is commonly referred to as domain adaptation. In practice, however, the differences between texts from different sources often reflect a mixture of domain and genre properties, and it is by no means clear what impact each of those has on statistical parsing. In this paper, we investigate how differences between articles in a newspaper corpus relate to the concepts of genre and domain and how they influence parsing performance of a transition-based dependency parser. We do this by applying various similarity measures for data point selection and testing their adequacy for creating genre-aware parsing models.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Syntaktische Analyse; Automatische Sprachanalyse; Textsorte; Korpus; Sprachstatistik
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  3. A harmonised testsuite for POS tagging of German social media data
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; Ruppenhofer, Josef ; Zimmermann, Victor
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Vienna, Austria : Austrian academy of sciences

    We present a testsuite for POS tagging German web data. Our testsuite provides the original raw text as well as the gold tokenisations and is annotated for parts-of-speech. The testsuite includes a new dataset for German tweets, with a current size... mehr

     

    We present a testsuite for POS tagging German web data. Our testsuite provides the original raw text as well as the gold tokenisations and is annotated for parts-of-speech. The testsuite includes a new dataset for German tweets, with a current size of 3,940 tokens. To increase the size of the data, we harmonised the annotations in already existing web corpora, based on the Stuttgart-Tübingen Tag Set. The current version of the corpus has an overall size of 48,344 tokens of web data, around half of it from Twitter. We also present experiments, showing how different experimental setups (training set size, additional out-of-domain training data, self-training) influence the accuracy of the taggers. All resources and models will be made publicly available to the research community.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Deutsch; Soziale Software
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  4. Data point selection for genre-aware parsing
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; Bildhauer, Felix
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Stroudsburg PA, USA : The Association for Computational Linguistics

    In the NLP literature, adapting a parser to new text with properties different from the training data is commonly referred to as domain adaptation. In practice, however, the differences between texts from different sources often reflect a mixture of... mehr

     

    In the NLP literature, adapting a parser to new text with properties different from the training data is commonly referred to as domain adaptation. In practice, however, the differences between texts from different sources often reflect a mixture of domain and genre properties, and it is by no means clear what impact each of those has on statistical parsing. In this paper, we investigate how differences between articles in a newspaper corpus relate to the concepts of genre and domain and how they influence parsing performance of a transition-based dependency parser. We do this by applying various similarity measures for data point selection and testing their adequacy for creating genre-aware parsing models.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Parsing; Korpus; Textsorte
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  5. Evaluating LSTM models for grammatical function labelling
    Autor*in: Do, Bich-Ngoc ; Rehbein, Ines
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Stroudsburg PA, USA : The Association for Computational Linguistics

    To improve grammatical function labelling for German, we augment the labelling component of a neural dependency parser with a decision history. We present different ways to encode the history, using different LSTM architectures, and show that our... mehr

     

    To improve grammatical function labelling for German, we augment the labelling component of a neural dependency parser with a decision history. We present different ways to encode the history, using different LSTM architectures, and show that our models yield significant improvements, resulting in a LAS for German that is close to the best result from the SPMRL 2014 shared task (without the reranker).

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Automatische Sprachverarbeitung; Syntaktische Analyse; Parser; Deutsch
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  6. Universal Dependencies are hard to parse – or are they?
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; Steen, Julius ; Do, Bich-Ngoc ; Frank, Anette
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Linköping, Schweden : Linköping University Electronic Press

    Universal Dependency (UD) annotations, despite their usefulness for cross-lingual tasks and semantic applications, are not optimised for statistical parsing. In the paper, we ask what exactly causes the decrease in parsing accuracy when training a... mehr

     

    Universal Dependency (UD) annotations, despite their usefulness for cross-lingual tasks and semantic applications, are not optimised for statistical parsing. In the paper, we ask what exactly causes the decrease in parsing accuracy when training a parser on UD-style annotations and whether the effect is similarly strong for all languages. We conduct a series of experiments where we systematically modify individual annotation decisions taken in the UD scheme and show that this results in an increased accuracy for most, but not for all languages. We show that the encoding in the UD scheme, in particular the decision to encode content words as heads, causes an increase in dependency length for nearly all treebanks and an increase in arc direction entropy for many languages, and evaluate the effect this has on parsing accuracy.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Syntax; Annotation; Parser; Universalgrammatik
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  7. What do we need to know about an unknown word when parsing German
    Autor*in: Do, Bich-Ngoc ; Rehbein, Ines ; Frank, Anette
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Stroudsburg PA, USA : The Association for Computational Linguistics

    We propose a new type of subword embedding designed to provide more information about unknown compounds, a major source for OOV words in German. We present an extrinsic evaluation where we use the compound embeddings as input to a neural dependency... mehr

     

    We propose a new type of subword embedding designed to provide more information about unknown compounds, a major source for OOV words in German. We present an extrinsic evaluation where we use the compound embeddings as input to a neural dependency parser and compare the results to the ones obtained with other types of embeddings. Our evaluation shows that adding compound embeddings yields a significant improvement of 2% LAS over using word embeddings when no POS information is available. When adding POS embeddings to the input, however, the effect levels out. This suggests that it is not the missing information about the semantics of the unknown words that causes problems for parsing German, but the lack of morphological information for unknown words. To augment our evaluation, we also test the new embeddings in a language modelling task that requires both syntactic and semantic information.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Deutsch; Kompositum; Automatische Spracherkennung
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  8. Introducing the International Comparable Corpus
    Autor*in: Kirk, John ; Čermáková, Anna ; Oksefjell Ebeling, Signe ; Ebeling, Jarle ; Kren, Michal ; Aijmer, Karin ; Benko, Vladimir ; Garabik, Radovan ; Gorski, Rafal ; Jantunen, Jarmo ; Kupietz, Marc ; Simkova, Maria ; Schmidt, Thomas ; Wicher, Oliver
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Louvain-la-Neuve : Université catholique de Louvain

    This presentation introduces a new collaborative project: the International Comparable Corpus (ICC) (https://korpus.cz/icc), to be compiled from European national, standard(ised) languages, using the protocols for text categories and their quantities... mehr

     

    This presentation introduces a new collaborative project: the International Comparable Corpus (ICC) (https://korpus.cz/icc), to be compiled from European national, standard(ised) languages, using the protocols for text categories and their quantities of texts in the International Corpus of English (ICE).

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Kontrastive Linguistik; Europa
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  9. Catching the common cause: extraction and annotation of causal relations and their participants
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; Ruppenhofer, Josef
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Stroudsburg, PA : EACL

    In this paper, we present a simple, yet effective method for the automatic identification and extraction of causal relations from text, based on a large English-German parallel corpus. The goal of this effort is to create a lexical resource for... mehr

     

    In this paper, we present a simple, yet effective method for the automatic identification and extraction of causal relations from text, based on a large English-German parallel corpus. The goal of this effort is to create a lexical resource for German causal relations. The resource will consist of a lexicon that describes constructions that trigger causality as well as the participants of the causal event, and will be augmented by a corpus with annotated instances for each entry, that can be used as training data to develop a system for automatic classification of causal relations. Focusing on verbs, our method harvested a set of 100 different lexical triggers of causality, including support verb constructions. At the moment, our corpus includes over 1,000 annotated instances. The lexicon and the annotated data will be made available to the research community.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Automatische Sprachanalyse; Kausalität; Korpus; Computerlinguistik; Annotation
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  10. Towards a syntactically motivated analysis of modifiers in German
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; Hirschmann, Hagen
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  Hildesheim : Universitätsverlag Hildesheim

    The Stuttgart-Tübingen Tagset (STTS) is a widely used POS annotation scheme for German which provides 54 different tags for the analysis on the part of speech level. The tagset, however, does not distinguish between adverbs and different types of... mehr

     

    The Stuttgart-Tübingen Tagset (STTS) is a widely used POS annotation scheme for German which provides 54 different tags for the analysis on the part of speech level. The tagset, however, does not distinguish between adverbs and different types of particles used for expressing modality, intensity, graduation, or to mark the focus of the sentence. In the paper, we present an extension to the STTS which provides tags for a more fine-grained analysis of modification, based on a syntactic perspective on parts of speech. We argue that the new classification not only enables us to do corpus-based linguistic studies on modification, but also improves statistical parsing. We give proof of concept by training a data-driven dependency parser on data from the TiGer treebank, providing the parser a) with the original STTS tags and b) with the new tags. Results show an improved labelled accuracy for the new, syntactically motivated classification.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Annotation; Automatische Sprachanalyse; Korpus
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/de/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  11. POS error detection in automatically annotated corpora
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  Stroudsburg, PA : ACL

    Recent work on error detection has shown that the quality of manually annotated corpora can be substantially improved by applying consistency checks to the data and automatically identifying incorrectly labelled instances. These methods, however, can... mehr

     

    Recent work on error detection has shown that the quality of manually annotated corpora can be substantially improved by applying consistency checks to the data and automatically identifying incorrectly labelled instances. These methods, however, can not be used for automatically annotated corpora where errors are systematic and cannot easily be identified by looking at the variance in the data. This paper targets the detection of POS errors in automatically annotated corpora, so-called silver standards, showing that by combining different measures sensitive to annotation quality we can identify a large part of the errors and obtain a substantial increase in accuracy.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Automatische Sprachanalyse; Annotation
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/de/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  12. The KiezDeutsch Korpus (KiDKo) Release 1.0
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; Schalowski, Sören ; Wiese, Heike
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  Paris : European Language Resources Association

    This paper presents the first release of the KiezDeutsch Korpus (KiDKo), a new language resource with multiparty spoken dialogues of Kiezdeutsch, a newly emerging language variety spoken by adolescents from multi-ethnic urban areas in Germany. The... mehr

     

    This paper presents the first release of the KiezDeutsch Korpus (KiDKo), a new language resource with multiparty spoken dialogues of Kiezdeutsch, a newly emerging language variety spoken by adolescents from multi-ethnic urban areas in Germany. The first release of the corpus includes the transcriptions of the data as well as a normalisation layer and part-of-speech annotations. In the paper, we describe the main features of the new resource and then focus on automatic POS tagging of informal spoken language. Our tagger achieves an accuracy of nearly 97% on KiDKo. While we did not succeed in further improving the tagger using ensemble tagging, we present our approach to using the tagger ensembles for identifying error patterns in the automatically tagged data.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Gesprochene Sprache; Stadtmundart; Jugendsprache; Multikulturelle Gesellschaft; Korpus
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  13. Discussing best practices for the annotation of Twitter microtext
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; Visser, Emiel ; Lestmann, Nadine
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  Sofia : Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

    This paper contributes to the discussion on best practices for the syntactic analysis of non-canonical language, focusing on Twitter microtext. We present an annotation experiment where we test an existing POS tagset, the Stuttgart-Tübingen Tagset... mehr

     

    This paper contributes to the discussion on best practices for the syntactic analysis of non-canonical language, focusing on Twitter microtext. We present an annotation experiment where we test an existing POS tagset, the Stuttgart-Tübingen Tagset (STTS), with respect to its applicability for annotating new text from the social media, in particular from Twitter microblogs. We discuss different tagset extensions proposed in the literature and test our extended tagset on a set of 506 tweets (7.418 tokens) where we achieve an inter-annotator agreement for two human annotators in the range of 92.7 to 94.4 (k). Our error analysis shows that especially the annotation of Twitterspecific phenomena such as hashtags and at-mentions causes disagreements between the human annotators. Following up on this, we provide a discussion of the different uses of the @- and #-marker in Twitter and argue against analysing both on the POS level by means of an at-mention or hashtag label. Instead, we sketch a syntactic analysis which describes these phenomena by means of syntactic categories and grammatical functions.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Syntaktische Analyse; Annotation; Twitter <Softwareplattform>
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  14. Extending the STTS for the Annotation of Spoken Language
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; Schalowski, Sören
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  Wien : Eigenverlag ÖGAI

    This paper presents an extension to the Stuttgart-Tübingen TagSet, the standard part-of-speech tag set for German, for the annotation of spoken language. The additional tags deal with hesitations, backchannel signals, interruptions, onomatopoeia and... mehr

     

    This paper presents an extension to the Stuttgart-Tübingen TagSet, the standard part-of-speech tag set for German, for the annotation of spoken language. The additional tags deal with hesitations, backchannel signals, interruptions, onomatopoeia and uninterpretable material. They allow one to capture phenomena specific to spoken language while, at the same time, preserving inter-operability with already existing corpora of written language.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Gesprochene Sprache; Annotation; Automatische Sprachanalyse; Interoperabilität
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  15. Data point selection for self-training
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  Stroudsburg, PA : Association for Computational

    Problems for parsing morphologically rich languages are, amongst others, caused by the higher variability in structure due to less rigid word order constraints and by the higher number of different lexical forms. Both properties can result in sparse... mehr

     

    Problems for parsing morphologically rich languages are, amongst others, caused by the higher variability in structure due to less rigid word order constraints and by the higher number of different lexical forms. Both properties can result in sparse data problems for statistical parsing. We present a simple approach for addressing these issues. Our approach makes use of self-training on instances selected with regard to their similarity to the annotated data. Our similarity measure is based on the perplexity of part-of-speech trigrams of new instances measured against the annotated training data. Preliminary results show that our method outperforms a self-training setting where instances are simply selected by order of occurrence in the corpus and argue that selftraining is a cheap and effective method for improving parsing accuracy for morphologically rich languages.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Satzanalyse; Automatische Sprachanalyse
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  16. Hard constraints for grammatical function labelling
    Autor*in: Seeker, Wolfgang ; Rehbein, Ines ; Kuhn, Joans ; van Genabith, Josef
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  Stroudsburg, PA : Association for Computational Linguistics

    For languages with (semi-) free word order (such as German), labelling grammatical functions on top of phrase-structural constituent analyses is crucial for making them interpretable. Unfortunately, most statistical classifiers consider only local... mehr

     

    For languages with (semi-) free word order (such as German), labelling grammatical functions on top of phrase-structural constituent analyses is crucial for making them interpretable. Unfortunately, most statistical classifiers consider only local information for function labelling and fail to capture important restrictions on the distribution of core argument functions such as subject, object etc., namely that there is at most one subject (etc.) per clause. We augment a statistical classifier with an integer linear program imposing hard linguistic constraints on the solution space output by the classifier, capturing global distributional restrictions. We show that this improves labelling quality, in particular for argument grammatical functions, in an intrinsic evaluation, and, importantly, grammar coverage for treebankbased (Lexical-Functional) grammar acquisition and parsing, in an extrinsic evaluation.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Phrasenstruktur; Automatische Sprachanalyse
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  17. Annotating Discourse Relations in Spoken Language: A Comparison of the PDTB and CCR Frameworks
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; Scholman, Merel ; Demberg, Vera
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  Paris : European Language Resources Association

    In discourse relation annotation, there is currently a variety of different frameworks being used, and most of them have been developed and employed mostly on written data. This raises a number of questions regarding interoperability of discourse... mehr

     

    In discourse relation annotation, there is currently a variety of different frameworks being used, and most of them have been developed and employed mostly on written data. This raises a number of questions regarding interoperability of discourse relation annotation schemes, as well as regarding differences in discourse annotation for written vs. spoken domains. In this paper, we describe ouron annotating two spoken domains from the SPICE Ireland corpus (telephone conversations and broadcast interviews) according todifferent discourse annotation schemes, PDTB 3.0 and CCR. We show that annotations in the two schemes can largely be mappedone another, and discuss differences in operationalisations of discourse relation schemes which present a challenge to automatic mapping. We also observe systematic differences in the prevalence of implicit discourse relations in spoken data compared to written texts,find that there are also differences in the types of causal relations between the domains. Finally, we find that PDTB 3.0 addresses many shortcomings of PDTB 2.0 wrt. the annotation of spoken discourse, and suggest further extensions. The new corpus has roughly theof the CoNLL 2015 Shared Task test set, and we hence hope that it will be a valuable resource for the evaluation of automatic discourse relation labellers.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Gesprochene Sprache; Annotation; Irisch
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  18. Scalable Discriminative Parsing for German
    Autor*in: Versley, Yannick ; Rehbein, Ines
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  Stroudsburg, PA : Association for Computational Linguistics

    Generative lexicalized parsing models, which are the mainstay for probabilistic parsing of English, do not perform as well when applied to languages with different language-specific properties such as free(r) word order or rich morphology. For German... mehr

     

    Generative lexicalized parsing models, which are the mainstay for probabilistic parsing of English, do not perform as well when applied to languages with different language-specific properties such as free(r) word order or rich morphology. For German and other non-English languages, linguistically motivated complex treebank transformations have been shown to improve performance within the framework of PCFG parsing, while generative lexicalized models do not seem to be as easily adaptable to these languages. In this paper, we show a practical way to use grammatical functions as first-class citizens in a discriminative model that allows to extend annotated treebank grammars with rich feature sets without having to suffer from sparse data problems. We demonstrate the flexibility of the approach by integrating unsupervised PP attachment and POS-based word clusters into the parser.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Deutsch; Syntaktische Analyse; Automatische Sprachanalyse; Grammatik
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  19. Datenbank für Gesprochenes Deutsch (DGD)
    Autor*in: Schmidt, Thomas
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  Duisburg : Nisaba

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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Datenbank; Gesprochene Sprache
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  20. How to Compare Treebanks
    Autor*in: Kübler, Sandra ; Maier, Wolfgang ; Rehbein, Ines ; Versley, Yannick
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Paris : European Language Resources Association

    Recent years have seen an increasing interest in developing standards for linguistic annotation, with a focus on the interoperability of the resources. This effort, however, requires a profound knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of... mehr

     

    Recent years have seen an increasing interest in developing standards for linguistic annotation, with a focus on the interoperability of the resources. This effort, however, requires a profound knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of linguistic annotation schemes in order to avoid importing the flaws and weaknesses of existing encoding schemes into the new standards. This paper addresses the question how to compare syntactically annotated corpora and gain insights into the usefulness of specific design decisions. We present an exhaustive evaluation of two German treebanks with crucially different encoding schemes. We evaluate three different parsers trained on the two treebanks and compare results using EVALB, the Leaf-Ancestor metric, and a dependency-based evaluation. Furthermore, we present TePaCoC, a new testsuite for the evaluation of parsers on complex German grammatical constructions. The testsuite provides a well thought-out error classification, which enables us to compare parser output for parsers trained on treebanks with different encoding schemes and provides interesting insights into the impact of treebank annotation schemes on specific constructions like PP attachment or non-constituent coordination.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Syntaktische Analyse
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    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  21. Evaluating Evaluation Measures
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; van Genabith, Josef
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Tartu : University of Tartu

    This paper presents a thorough examination of the validity of three evaluation measures on parser output. We assess parser performance of an unlexicalised probabilistic parser trained on two German treebanks with different annotation schemes and... mehr

     

    This paper presents a thorough examination of the validity of three evaluation measures on parser output. We assess parser performance of an unlexicalised probabilistic parser trained on two German treebanks with different annotation schemes and evaluate parsing results using the PARSEVAL metric, the Leaf-Ancestor metric and a dependency-based evaluation. We reject the claim that the TüBa-D/Z annotation scheme is more adequate then the TIGER scheme for PCFG parsing and show that PARSEVAL should not be used to compare parser performance for parsers trained on treebanks with different annotation schemes. An analysis of specific error types indicates that the dependency-based evaluation is most appropriate to reflect parse quality.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Syntaktische Analyse; Deutsch
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  22. Why is it so difficult to compare treebanks? TIGER and TüBa-D/Z revisited
    Autor*in: Rehbein, Ines ; van Genabith, Josef
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Tartu : Northern European Association for Language Technology

    This paper is a contribution to the ongoing discussion on treebank annotation schemes and their impact on PCFG parsing results. We provide a thorough comparison of two German treebanks: the TIGER treebank and the TüBa-D/Z. We use simple statistics on... mehr

     

    This paper is a contribution to the ongoing discussion on treebank annotation schemes and their impact on PCFG parsing results. We provide a thorough comparison of two German treebanks: the TIGER treebank and the TüBa-D/Z. We use simple statistics on sentence length and vocabulary size, and more refined methods such as perplexity and its correlation with PCFG parsing results, as well as a Principal Components Analysis. Finally we present a qualitative evaluation of a set of 100 sentences from the TüBa- D/Z, manually annotated in the TIGER as well as in the TüBa-D/Z annotation scheme, and show that even the existence of a parallel subcorpus does not support a straightforward and easy comparison of both annotation schemes.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Syntaktische Analyse; Annotation
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  23. FOLKER : an annotation tool for efficient transcription of natural, multi-party interaction
    Autor*in: Schmidt, Thomas ; Schütte, Wilfried
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Valletta, Malta : European Language Resources Association (ELRA)

    This paper presents FOLKER, an annotation tool developed for the efficient transcription of natural, multi-party interaction in a conversation analysis framework. FOLKER is being developed at the Institute for German Language in and for the FOLK... mehr

     

    This paper presents FOLKER, an annotation tool developed for the efficient transcription of natural, multi-party interaction in a conversation analysis framework. FOLKER is being developed at the Institute for German Language in and for the FOLK project, whose aim is the construction of a large corpus of spoken present-day German, to be used for research and teaching purposes. FOLKER builds on the experience gained with multi-purpose annotation tools like ELAN and EXMARaLDA, but attempts to improve transcription efficiency by restricting and optimizing both data model and tool functionality to a single, well-defined purpose. This paper starts with a description of the GAT transcription conventions and the data model underlying the tool. It then gives an overview of the tool functionality and compares this functionality to that of other widely used tools.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: gesprochene Sprache; Korpus; Transkription; Computerlinguistik
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  24. EXMARaLDA : un système pour la constitution et l’exploitation de corpus oraux
    Autor*in: Schmidt, Thomas
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Limoges : Lambert-Lucas

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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Französisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: gesprochene Sprache; Transkription; Computerlinguistik; Standardisierung; Korpus
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  25. Creating and working with spoken language corpora in EXMARaLDA
    Autor*in: Schmidt, Thomas
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Bozen : Europ. Akad.

    Spoken language corpora— as used in conversation analytic research, language acquisition studies and dialectology— pose a number of challenges that are rarely addressed by corpus linguistic methodology and technology. This paper starts by giving an... mehr

     

    Spoken language corpora— as used in conversation analytic research, language acquisition studies and dialectology— pose a number of challenges that are rarely addressed by corpus linguistic methodology and technology. This paper starts by giving an overview of the most important methodological issues distinguishing spoken language corpus workfrom the work with written data. It then shows what technological challenges these methodological issues entail and demonstrates how they are dealt with in the architecture and tools of the EXMARaLDA system.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: gesprochene Sprache; Korpus; Computerlinguistik; geschriebene Sprache
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess