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  1. The influence of the corpus on the representation of gender stereotypes in the dictionary. A case study of corpus-based dictionaries of German
    Autor*in: Müller-Spitzer, Carolin ; Rüdiger, Jan Oliver
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  Mannheim : IDS-Verlag

    Dictionaries are often a reflection of their time; their respective (socio-)historical context influences how the meaning of certain lexical units is described. This also applies to descriptions of personal terms such as man or woman. Lexicographers... mehr

     

    Dictionaries are often a reflection of their time; their respective (socio-)historical context influences how the meaning of certain lexical units is described. This also applies to descriptions of personal terms such as man or woman. Lexicographers have a special responsibility to comprehensively investigate current language use before describing it in the dictionary. Accordingly, contemporary academic dictionaries are usually corpus-based. However, it is important to acknowledge that language is always embedded in cultural contexts. Our case study investigates differences in the linguistic contexts of the use of man and woman, drawing from a range of language collections (in our case fiction books, popular magazines and newspapers). We explain how potential differences in corpus construction would therefore influence the “reality”1 depicted in the dictionary. In doing so, we address the far-reaching consequences that the choice of corpus-linguistic basis for an empirical dictionary has on semantic descriptions in dictionary entries. Furthermore, we situate the case study within the context of gender-linguistic issues and discuss how lexicographic teams can engage with how dictionaries might perpetuate traditional role concepts when describing language use.

     
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      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einem Sammelband
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Englisch, Altenglisch (420)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Geschlechterstereotyp; Wörterbuch; Fallstudie; Deutsch; Lexikografie
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  2. OWIDplusLIVE. Day-to-day collection, exploration, analysis, and visualization of N-Gram frequencies in German (online press) language
    Autor*in: Rüdiger, Jan Oliver ; Wolfer, Sascha ; Koplenig, Alexander ; Michaelis, Frank ; Müller-Spitzer, Carolin ; Ochs, Samira ; Cotgrove, Louis
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  Mannheim : IDS-Verlag

    With OWIDplusLIVE, we would like to introduce the EURALEX community to two resources that provide analytical access to daily updated data (data: frequency data and N-grams – reference point: previous day). mehr

     

    With OWIDplusLIVE, we would like to introduce the EURALEX community to two resources that provide analytical access to daily updated data (data: frequency data and N-grams – reference point: previous day).

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Englisch, Altenglisch (420)
    Schlagworte: Deutsch; Daten; Visualisierung
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  3. MAP (Musterbank Argumentmarkierender Präpositionen). A patternbank of argument-marking prepositions in German
    Autor*in: Proost, Kristel ; Zeschel, Arne ; Michaelis, Frank ; Rüdiger, Jan Oliver
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  Mannheim : IDS-Verlag

    Recent years have seen a growing interest in linguistic phenomena that challenge the received division of labour between lexicon and grammar, and hence often fall through the cracks of traditional dictionaries and grammars. Such phenomena call for... mehr

     

    Recent years have seen a growing interest in linguistic phenomena that challenge the received division of labour between lexicon and grammar, and hence often fall through the cracks of traditional dictionaries and grammars. Such phenomena call for novel, pattern-based types of linguistic reference works (see various papers in Herbst 2019). The present paper introduces one such resource: MAP (“Musterbank argumentmarkierender Präpositionen”), a web-based corpus-linguistic patternbank of prepositional argument structure constructions in German. The paper gives an overview of the design and functionality of the MAP-prototype currently developed at the Leibniz-Institute for the German Language in Mannheim. We give a brief account of the data and our analytic workflow, illustrate the descriptions that make up the resource and sketch available options for querying it for specific lexical, semantic and structural properties of the data.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einem Sammelband
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Englisch, Altenglisch (420)
    Schlagworte: Präposition; Deutsch; Argumentstruktur; Valenz
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  4. The influence of the corpus on the representation of gender stereotypes in the dictionary. A case study of corpus-based dictionaries of German
    Autor*in: Müller-Spitzer, Carolin ; Rüdiger, Jan Oliver
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  Mannheim : IDS-Verlag ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    Dictionaries are often a reflection of their time; their respective (socio-)historical context influences how the meaning of certain lexical units is described. This also applies to descriptions of personal terms such as man or woman. Lexicographers... mehr

     

    Dictionaries are often a reflection of their time; their respective (socio-)historical context influences how the meaning of certain lexical units is described. This also applies to descriptions of personal terms such as man or woman. Lexicographers have a special responsibility to comprehensively investigate current language use before describing it in the dictionary. Accordingly, contemporary academic dictionaries are usually corpus-based. However, it is important to acknowledge that language is always embedded in cultural contexts. Our case study investigates differences in the linguistic contexts of the use of man and woman, drawing from a range of language collections (in our case fiction books, popular magazines and newspapers). We explain how potential differences in corpus construction would therefore influence the “reality” depicted in the dictionary. In doing so, we address the far-reaching consequences that the choice of corpus-linguistic basis for an empirical dictionary has on semantic descriptions in dictionary entries.Furthermore, we situate the case study within the context of gender-linguistic issues and discuss how lexicographic teams can engage with how dictionaries might perpetuate traditional role concepts when describing language use.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einem Sammelband
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Wörterbuch; Geschlechterforschung; Soziolinguistik; Lexikographie; Kollokation
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  5. MAP (Musterbank Argumentmarkierender Präpositionen). A patternbank of argument-marking prepositions in German
    Autor*in: Proost, Kristel ; Zeschel, Arne ; Michaelis, Frank ; Rüdiger, Jan Oliver
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  Mannheim : IDS-Verlag ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    Recent years have seen a growing interest in linguistic phenomena that challenge the received division of labour between lexicon and grammar, and hence often fall through the cracks of traditional dictionaries and grammars. Such phenomena call for... mehr

     

    Recent years have seen a growing interest in linguistic phenomena that challenge the received division of labour between lexicon and grammar, and hence often fall through the cracks of traditional dictionaries and grammars. Such phenomena call for novel, pattern based types of linguistic reference works (see various papers in Herbst 2019). The present paper introduces one such resource: MAP (“Musterbank argumentmarkierender Präpositionen”), a web based corpus linguistic patternbank of prepositional argument structure constructions in German. The paper gives an overview of the design and functionality of the MAP prototype currently developed at the Leibniz Institute for the German Language in Mannheim. We give a brief account of the data and our analytic workflow, illustrate the descriptions that make up the resource and sketch available options for querying it for specific lexical, semantic and structural properties of the data.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einem Sammelband
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Englisch, Altenglisch (420)
    Schlagworte: Argumentstruktur; Valenz; Präposition; Konstruktionsgrammatik
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  6. Introducing NeoRate. A corpus-lexicographic tool to support the detection of unregistered words for a German COVID-19 discourse dictionary
    Autor*in: Klosa-Kückelhaus, Annette ; Rüdiger, Jan Oliver
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Sheffield : Equinox ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) [Zweitveröffentlichung]

    In this article, we provide an insight into the development and application of a corpus-lexicographic tool for finding neologisms that are not yet listed in German dictionaries. As a starting point, we used the words listed in a glossary of German... mehr

     

    In this article, we provide an insight into the development and application of a corpus-lexicographic tool for finding neologisms that are not yet listed in German dictionaries. As a starting point, we used the words listed in a glossary of German neologisms surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. These words are lemma candidates for a new dictionary on COVID-19 discourse in German. They also provided the database used to develop and test the NeoRate tool. We report on the lexicographic work in our dictionary project, the design and functionalities of NeoRate, and describe the first test results with the tool, in particular with regard to previously unregistered words. Finally, we discuss further development of the tool and its possible applications.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Lexikografie; Deutsch; Wörterbuch; Neologismus
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  7. Less than one percent of words would be affected by gender-inclusive language in German press texts
    Autor*in: Müller-Spitzer, Carolin ; Ochs, Samira ; Koplenig, Alexander ; Rüdiger, Jan Oliver ; Wolfer, Sascha
    Erschienen: 2024
    Verlag:  Berlin : Springer Nature ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    Research on gender and language is tightly knitted to social debates on gender equality and non-discriminatory language use. Psycholinguistic scholars have made significant contributions in this field. However, corpus-based studies that investigate... mehr

     

    Research on gender and language is tightly knitted to social debates on gender equality and non-discriminatory language use. Psycholinguistic scholars have made significant contributions in this field. However, corpus-based studies that investigate these matters within the context of language use are still rare. In our study, we address the question of how much textual material would actually have to be changed if non-gender-inclusive texts were rewritten to be gender-inclusive. This quantitative measure is an important empirical insight, as a recurring argument against the use of gender-inclusive German is that it supposedly makes written texts too long and complicated. It is also argued that gender-inclusive language has negative effects on language learners. However, such effects are only likely if gender-inclusive texts are very different from those that are not gender-inclusive. In our corpus-linguistic study, we manually annotated German press texts to identify the parts that would have to be changed. Our results show that, on average, less than 1% of all tokens would be affected by gender-inclusive language. This small proportion calls into question whether gender-inclusive German presents a substantial barrier to understanding and learning the language, particularly when we take into account the potential complexities of interpreting masculine generics.

     
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      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Germanische Sprachen; Deutsch (430)
    Schlagworte: Geschlechtergerechte Sprache; Deutsch; Zeitungstext; Korpus
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  8. Human languages trade off complexity against efficiency
    Autor*in: Koplenig, Alexander ; Wolfer, Sascha ; Rüdiger, Jan Oliver ; Meyer, Peter
    Erschienen: 2025
    Verlag:  San Francisco, CA : PLOS ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    From a cross-linguistic perspective, language models are interesting because they can be used as idealised language learners that learn to produce and process language by being trained on a corpus of linguistic input. In this paper, we train... mehr

     

    From a cross-linguistic perspective, language models are interesting because they can be used as idealised language learners that learn to produce and process language by being trained on a corpus of linguistic input. In this paper, we train different language models, from simple statistical models to advanced neural networks, on a database of 41 multilingual text collections comprising a wide variety of text types, which together include nearly 3 billion words across more than 6,500 documents in over 2,000 languages. We use the trained models to estimate entropy rates, a complexity measure derived from information theory. To compare entropy rates across both models and languages, we develop a quantitative approach that combines machine learning with semiparametric spatial filtering methods to account for both language- and document-specific characteristics, as well as phylogenetic and geographical language relationships. We first establish that entropy rate distributions are highly consistent across different language models, suggesting that the choice of model may have minimal impact on cross-linguistic investigations. On the basis of a much broader range of language models than in previous studies, we confirm results showing systematic differences in entropy rates, i.e. text complexity, across languages. These results challenge the long-held notion that all languages are equally complex. We then show that higher entropy rate tends to co-occur with shorter text length, and argue that this inverse relationship between complexity and length implies a compensatory mechanism whereby increased complexity is offset by increased efficiency. Finally, we introduce a multi-model multilevel inference approach to show that this complexity-efficiency trade-off is partly influenced by the social environment in which languages are used: languages spoken by larger communities tend to have higher entropy rates while using fewer symbols to encode messages.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Großes Sprachmodell; Informationstheorie; Maschinelles Lernen; Kontrastive Linguistik; Computerlinguistik; Korpus; Statistik; Modell
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess