Direkt zur Hauptnavigation springen Direkt zum Inhalt springen
Letzte Suchanfragen

Ergebnisse für *

Es wurden 23 Ergebnisse gefunden.

Zeige Ergebnisse 1 bis 23 von 23.

Sortieren

  1. Lexicography and corpus linguistics
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  London/New York : Routledge ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) [Zweitveröffentlichung]

    As Firth (1957:11) has rightly stated with his famous sentence: “You shall know a word by the company it keeps”, we need to look at the use of words before we attempt to describe them. A single human, or even a group of expert researchers, cannot be... mehr

     

    As Firth (1957:11) has rightly stated with his famous sentence: “You shall know a word by the company it keeps”, we need to look at the use of words before we attempt to describe them. A single human, or even a group of expert researchers, cannot be expected to know every use of every word or, more generally, of every linguistic phenomenon produced by all speakers of a language; we thus need to collect samples of language in use (and compile them in a way computationally that they can be studied by humans). It is moreover argued that such empiricism is an adequate practice aiming at widening the lexicographic (and linguistic) horizon, as Douglas Biber and Randi Reppen (2015:2) state: “corpus analyses have documented the existence of linguistic constructs that are not recognized by current linguistic theories”.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einem Sammelband
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Lexikografie; Computerunterstützte Lexikografie; Korpus; Sprachgebrauch; Annotation
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  2. Practice Report. A blended learning approach to teaching NLP for a DH public
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud ; Heid, Ulrich
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Aachen : CEUR-WS ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    This paper reports about current practice in a staged approach to the introduction of NLP principles and techniques for students of information science (IIM) and of international communication and translation (ICT) as part of their curricula. As most... mehr

     

    This paper reports about current practice in a staged approach to the introduction of NLP principles and techniques for students of information science (IIM) and of international communication and translation (ICT) as part of their curricula. As most of these students are rather not familiar with computer science or, in the case of IIM students, linguistics, we see them as comparable with students of the humanities. We follow a blended learning strategy with lectures, online materials, tutorials, and screencasts. In the first two terms, we focus on linguistics and its formalisation, NLP tools and applications are then introduced from the third term on. The lectures are combined with tutorials and - since the summer term 2017 - with a set of screencasts.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Sprachverarbeitung; Übersetzung; Unterrichtsmethode; Linguistik
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  3. Towards an integrated E-Dictionary application – The case of an English to Zulu dictionary of possessives
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud ; Bosch, Sonja
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Bozen : EURAC Research ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    This paper describes a first version of an integrated e-dictionary translating possessive constructions from English to Zulu. Zulu possessive constructions are difficult to learn for non-mother tongue speakers. When translating from English into... mehr

     

    This paper describes a first version of an integrated e-dictionary translating possessive constructions from English to Zulu. Zulu possessive constructions are difficult to learn for non-mother tongue speakers. When translating from English into Zulu, a speaker needs to be acquainted with the nominal classification of nouns indicating possession and possessor. Furthermore, (s)he needs to be informed about the morpho-syntactic rules associated with certain combinations of noun classes. Lastly, knowledge of morpho-phonetic changes is also required, because these influence the orthography of the output word forms. Our approach is a novel one in that we combine e-lexicography and natural language processing by developing a (web) interface supporting learners, as well as other users of the dictionary to produce Zulu possessive constructions. The final dictionary that we intend to develop will contain several thousand nouns which users can combine as they wish. It will also translate single words and frequently used multiword expressions, and allow users to test their own translations. On request, information about the morpho-syntactic and morpho-phonetic rules applied by the system are displayed together with the translation. Our approach follows the function theory: the dictionary supports users in text production, at the same time fulfilling a cognitive function.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Übersetzung; Elektronisches Wörterbuch; Zulu-Sprache; Possessivpronomen; Morphosyntax; Implementation
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  4. Approximating the disambiguation of some German nominalizations by use of weak structural, lexical and corpus information ; Hacía la desambiguación de nominalizaciones en alemán a partir de información estructural, léxica y de corpus
    Autor*in: Eberle, Kurt ; Heid, Ulrich ; Faaß, Gertrud
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Jaén : University of Jaén ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    Between classical symbolic word sense disambiguation (wsd) using explicit deep semantic representations of sentences and texts and statistical wsd using word co-occurrence information, there is a recent tendency towards mediating methods. Similar to... mehr

     

    Between classical symbolic word sense disambiguation (wsd) using explicit deep semantic representations of sentences and texts and statistical wsd using word co-occurrence information, there is a recent tendency towards mediating methods. Similar to so-called lightweight semantics (Marek, 2009) we suggest to only make sparse use of semantic information. We describe an approximation model based upon flat underspecified discourse representation structures (FUDRSs, cf. Eberle, 2004) that weighs knowledge about context structure, lexical semantic restrictions and interpretation preferences. We give a catalogue of guidelines for human annotation of texts by corresponding indicators. Using this, the reliability of an analysis tool that implements the model can be tested with respect to annotation precision and disambiguation prediction and how both can be improved by bootstrapping the knowledge of the system using corpus information. For the balanced test corpus considered the recognition rate of the preferred reading is 80-90% (depending on the smoothing of parse errors). ; Entre el método clásico y simbólico de desambiguación de sentidos (WSD) que utiliza representaciones semánticas profundas de oraciones y textos, y el método estadístico que utiliza información relativa a la co-ocurrencia de palabras, existe una tendencia reciente a usar métodos híbridos. De manera similar a la llamada semántica light-weight (Marek, 2009), en este artículo se propone hacer uso de escasa información semántica. Describimos un modelo de aproximación sobre la base de Flat Underspecified Discourse Representation Structures (FUDRSs, cf. Eberle 2004) que valora conocimiento sobre estructura contextual, restricciones de semántica léxica e interpretaciones preferenciales. Presentamos una guía de anotación para la anotación por humanos de textos con los correspondientes indicadores. Mediante su uso, la fiabilidad de la herramienta que implementa el modelo puede ser testada con respecto a la precisión de anotación y a la predicción de ...

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Nominalisierung; Deutsch; Annotation; Ambiguität; Interpretative Semantik; Kontext
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  5. Applied corpus linguistics for lexicography: Sepedi negation as a case in point ; Eine korpuslinguistische Untersuchung der Sepedi-Negation für die Lexikographie
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    So far, Sepedi negations have been considered more from the point of view of lexico­graphical treatment. Theoretical works on Sepedi have been used for this purpose, setting as an objective a neat description of these negations in a (paper)... mehr

     

    So far, Sepedi negations have been considered more from the point of view of lexico­graphical treatment. Theoretical works on Sepedi have been used for this purpose, setting as an objective a neat description of these negations in a (paper) dictionary. This paper is from a different perspective: instead of theoretical works, corpus linguistic methods are used: (1) a Sepedi corpus is examined on the basis of existing descriptions of the occurrences of a relevant verb, looking at its negated forms from a purely prescriptive point of view; (2) a "corpus-driven" strategy is employed, looking only for sequences of negation particles (or morphemes) in order to list occurring con­structions, without taking into account the verbs occurring in them, apart from their endings. The approach in (2) is only intended to show a possible methodology to extend existing theories on occurring negations. We would also like to try to help lexicographers to establish a frequency-based order of entries of possible negation forms in their dictionaries by showing them the number of respective occurrences. As with all corpus linguistic work, however, we must regard corpus evidence not as representative, but as tendencies of language use that can be detected and described. This is especially true for Sepedi, for which only few and small corpora exist. This paper also describes the resources and tools used to create the necessary corpus and also how it was annotated with part of speech and lemmas. Exploring the quality of available Sepedi part-of-speech taggers concerning verbs, negation morphemes and subject concords may be a positive side result. ; Bisher wurden Sepedi Negationen eher aus der Sicht der lexi­ko­graphischen Behandlung betrachtet. Hierfür wurden theoretische Werke über Sepedi ver­wendet, wobei als Zielsetzung eine saubere Beschreibung dieser Negationen in einem (Papier-)Wör­ter­buch gesetzt wurde. Dieser Beitrag ist aus einer anderen Perspektive: statt theoretischer Werke werden korpuslinguistische Methoden eingesetzt: (1) ...

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Korpus; Lexikografie; Negation; Pedi-Sprache; Wörterbuch; Annotation
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  6. Interactive, dynamic electronic dictionaries for text production
    Autor*in: Prinsloo, D.J. ; Heid, Ulrich ; Bothma, Theo ; Faaß, Gertrud
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Ljubljana : Trojina, Institute for Applied Slovene Studies ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    An interactive, dynamic electronic dictionary aimed at text production should guide the user in innovative ways, especially in respect of difficult, complicated or confusing issues. This paper proposes a design for bilingual dictionaries intended to... mehr

     

    An interactive, dynamic electronic dictionary aimed at text production should guide the user in innovative ways, especially in respect of difficult, complicated or confusing issues. This paper proposes a design for bilingual dictionaries intended to guide users in text production; we focus on complex phenomena of the interaction between lexis and grammar. It will be argued that a dictionary aimed at guiding the user in lexical selection should implement a type of “decision algorithm”. In addition, it should flag incorrect solutions and should warn against possible wrong generalisations of (foreign) language learners. Our proposals will be illustrated with examples from several languages, as the design principles are generally applicable. The copulative construction which is regarded as the most complicated grammatical structure in Northern Sotho will be analyzed in more detail and presented as a case in point.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Elektronisches Wörterbuch; Textproduktion; Zweisprachigkeit; Grammatik; Technologie
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  7. Building NLP resources for Dzongkha: A tagset and a tagged corpus
    Autor*in: Chungku, Chungku ; Rabgay, Jurmey ; Faaß, Gertrud
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Beijing : Coling 2010 Organizing Committee ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    This paper describes the application of probabilistic part of speech taggers to the Dzongkha language. A tag set containing 66 tags is designed, which is based on the Penn Treebank. A training corpus of 40,247 tokens is utilized to train the model.... mehr

     

    This paper describes the application of probabilistic part of speech taggers to the Dzongkha language. A tag set containing 66 tags is designed, which is based on the Penn Treebank. A training corpus of 40,247 tokens is utilized to train the model. Using the lexicon extracted from the training corpus and lexicon from the available word list, we used two statistical taggers for comparison reasons. The best result achieved was 93.1% accuracy in a 10-fold cross validation on the training set. The winning tagger was thereafter applied to annotate a 570,247 token corpus.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Dzongkha; Korpus; Daten; Sprachverarbeitung; Text-to-Speech
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  8. A general lexicographic model for a typological variety of dictionaries in African languages ; 'n Algemene leksikografiese model vir 'n tipologiese verskeidenheid woordeboeke in Afrikatale
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud ; Bosch, Sonja E. ; Gouws, Rufus H.
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    So far, there have been few descriptions on creating structures capable of storing lexicographic data, ISO 24613:2008 being one of the latest. Another one is by Spohr (2012), who designs a multifunctional lexical resource which is able to store data... mehr

     

    So far, there have been few descriptions on creating structures capable of storing lexicographic data, ISO 24613:2008 being one of the latest. Another one is by Spohr (2012), who designs a multifunctional lexical resource which is able to store data of different types of dictionaries in a user-oriented way. Technically, his design is based on the principle of a hierarchical XML/OWL (eXtensible Markup Language/Web Ontology Language) representation model. This article follows another route in describing a model based on entities and relations between them; MySQL (usually referred to as: Structured Query Language) describes a database system of tables containing data and definitions of relations between them. The model was developed in the context of the project "Scientific eLexicography for Africa" and the lexicographic database to be built thereof will be implemented with MySQL. The principles of the ISO model and of Spohr's model are adhered to with one major difference in the implementation strategy: we do not place the lemma in the centre of attention, but the sense description — all other elements, including the lemma, depend on the sense description. This article also describes the contained lexicographic data sets and how they have been collected from different sources. As our aim is to compile several prototypical internet dictionaries (a monolingual Northern Sotho dictionary, a bilingual learners' Xhosa–English dictionary and a bilingual Zulu–English dictionary), we describe the necessary microstructural elements for each of them and which principles we adhere to when designing different ways of accessing them. We plan to make the model and the (empty) database with all graphical user interfaces that have been developed, freely available by mid-2015. ; Tot dusver bestaan daar min beskrywings oor hoe om strukture te skep wat daartoe in staat is om leksikografiese data te berg. ISO 24613 2008 is een van die mees onlangse sodanige beskrywings. Nog een, naamlik dié van Spohr (2012) wat fokus op die ontwerp ...

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Lexikografie; Sprachtypologie; Wörterbuch; Afrikanische Sprachen; MySQL; Computerlinguistik; Datenbank; Datensatz; Online-Wörterbuch
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  9. The verbal phrase of Northern Sotho: A morpho-syntactic perspective
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Luxemburg : European Language Resources Association ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    So far, comprehensive grammar descriptions of Northern Sotho have only been available in the form of prescriptive books aiming at teaching the language. This paper describes parts of the first morpho-syntactic description of Northern Sotho from a... mehr

     

    So far, comprehensive grammar descriptions of Northern Sotho have only been available in the form of prescriptive books aiming at teaching the language. This paper describes parts of the first morpho-syntactic description of Northern Sotho from a computational perspective (Faaß, 2010a). Such a description is necessary for implementing rule based, operational grammars. It is also essential for the annotation of training data to be utilised by statistical parsers. The work that we partially present here may hence provide a resource for computational processing of the language in order to proceed with producing linguistic representations beyond tagging, may it be chunking or parsing. The paper begins with describing significant Northern Sotho verbal morpho-syntactics (section 2). It is shown that the topology of the verb can be depicted as a slot system which may form the basis for computational processing (section 3). Note that the implementation of the described rules (section 4) and also coverage tests are ongoing processes upon that we will report in more detail at a later stage.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Nordsotho; Sotho-Sprache; Morphosyntax; Chunking; Verbalphrase
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  10. Devices for information presentation in electronic dictionaries ; Inligtingsaanbiedingsinstrumente in elektroniese woordeboeke
    Autor*in: Prinsloo, D.J. ; Heid, Ulrich ; Bothma, Theo ; Faaß, Gertrud
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    Electronic dictionaries should support dictionary users by giving them guidance in text production and text reception, alongside a user-definable offer of lexicographic data for cognitive purposes. In this article, we sketch the principles of an... mehr

     

    Electronic dictionaries should support dictionary users by giving them guidance in text production and text reception, alongside a user-definable offer of lexicographic data for cognitive purposes. In this article, we sketch the principles of an interactive and dynamic electronic dictionary aimed at text production and text reception guiding users in innovative ways, especially with respect to difficult, complicated or confusing issues. The lexicographer has to do a very careful analysis of the nature of the possible problems to suggest an optimal solution for a specific problem. We are of the opinion that there are numerous complex situations where users need more detailed support than currently available in e-dictionaries, enabling them to make valid and correct choices. For highly complex situations, we suggest guidance through a decision tree-like device. We assume that the solutions proposed here are not specific to one language only but can, after careful analysis, be applied to e-dictionaries in different languages across the world. ; Elektroniese woordeboeke behoort woordeboekgebruikers te ondersteun deur hulle te lei ten opsigte van teksproduksie en teksresepsie volgens 'n gebruikergedefinieerde aanbod van leksikografiese data vir kognitiewe doeleindes. In hierdie artikel skets ons die beginsels waarop 'n interaktiewe en dinamiese elektroniese woordeboek berus, gemik op teksproduksie en teksresepsie wat die gebruikers op innoverende wyse lei, veral ten opsigte van moeilike, gekompliseerde of verwarrende aspekte. Die leksikograaf is genoodsaak om 'n noukeurige analise te doen van die aard van moontlike probleme ten einde 'n optimale oplossing aan te bied vir 'n spesifieke probleem. Ons is van mening dat daar verskeie komplekse gevalle bestaan waar gebruikers meer gedetailleerde ondersteuning benodig as wat tans in e-woordeboeke beskikbaar is ten einde korrekte keuses te kan maak. Vir hoogs problematiese situasies stel ons leiding deur middel van 'n keuseboom-tipe instrument voor. Ons veronderstel dat die ...

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Elektronisches Wörterbuch; Wörterbuch; Lexikografie; Entscheidungsbaum; Benutzerführung; Verwandtschaftsbezeichnung
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  11. Segmentierungs- und Annotationsverfahren für die Texte Udo Lindenbergs: Apostrophe und andere Herausforderungen
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud ; Schmid, Helmut
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Hildesheim : Gesellschaft für Sprachtechnologie und Computerlinguistik ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    In der Computerlinguistik ist eine kaskadische Prozessierung von Texten üblich. Dabei werden diese zuerst segmentiert (tokenisiert), d.h. Tokens und ggf. Satzgrenzen werden erkannt. Dabei entsteht meist eine Liste bzw. eine einspaltige Tabelle, die... mehr

     

    In der Computerlinguistik ist eine kaskadische Prozessierung von Texten üblich. Dabei werden diese zuerst segmentiert (tokenisiert), d.h. Tokens und ggf. Satzgrenzen werden erkannt. Dabei entsteht meist eine Liste bzw. eine einspaltige Tabelle, die sukzessive durch weitere Prozessierungschritte um zusätzliche Spalten – also positionale Annotationen wie z.B. Wortarten und Lemmata für die Tokens in der ersten Spalte – ergänzt wird. Bei der Tokenisierung werden alle Spatien (Leerzeichen) gelöscht. Schon immer problematisch waren dabei Interpunktionszeichen, da diese äußerst ambig sein können, aber auch mehrteilige Namen, die Leerzeichen enthalten und eigentlich zusammengehören. Dieser Beitrag fokussiert auf den Apostroph, der in vielfältiger Weise in den Texten Udo Lindenbergs eingesetzt wird sowie auf mehrteilige Namen, die wir als Tokens erhalten möchten. Wir nutzen dafür das komplette Lindenberg-Archiv des song-korpus.de-Repositoriums, kategorisieren die auftretenden Phänomene, erstellen einen Goldstandard und entwickeln ein teils regel-, teils auf maschinellem Lernen basierendes Segmentierungswerkzeug, das insbesondere die auftretenden Apostrophe, aber auch -lexikonbasiert - mehrteilige Namen nach unseren Vorstellungen erkennt und tokenisiert. Im Anschluss trainieren wir den RNN-Tagger (Schmid, 2019) und zeigen auf, dass ein spezifisch für diese Texte angepasstes Training zu Genauigkeiten ≥ 96% führt. Dabei entsteht nicht nur ein Goldstandard des annotierten Korpus, das dem Songkorpus-Repositorium zur Verfügung gestellt wird, sondern auch eine angepasste Version des RNN-Taggers (verfügbar auf github), die für ähnliche Texte verwendet werden kann.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Prozessierung; Annotation; Apostroph; Zeichensetzung; Lyrics <Lyrik>
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  12. Corpus-based identification and disambiguation of reading indicators for German nominalizations
    Autor*in: Eberle, Kurt ; Faaß, Gertrud ; Heid, Ulrich
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Liverpool : University of Liverpool ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    Corpus data is often structurally and lexically ambiguous; corpus extraction methodologies thus must be made aware of ambiguities. Therefore, given an extraction task, all relevant ambiguities must be identified. To resolve these ambiguities,... mehr

     

    Corpus data is often structurally and lexically ambiguous; corpus extraction methodologies thus must be made aware of ambiguities. Therefore, given an extraction task, all relevant ambiguities must be identified. To resolve these ambiguities, contextual data responsible for one or another reading is to be considered. In the context of our present work, German -ung-nominalizations and their sortal readings are under examination. A number of these nominalizations may be read as an event or a result, depending on the semantic group they belong to. Here, we concentrate on nominalizations of verbs of saying (henceforth: "verba dicendi"), identify their context partners and their influence on the sortal reading of the nominalizations in question. We present a tool which calculates the sortal reading of such nominalizations and thus may improve not only corpus extraction, but also e.g. machine translation. Lastly, we describe successful attempts to identify the correct sortal reading, conclusions and future work.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Nominalisierung; Deutsch; Ambiguität; Korpus; Indikator; Implementation
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  13. Design and application of a Gold Standard for morphological analysis: SMOR as an example of morphological evaluation
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud ; Heid, Ulrich ; Schmid, Helmut
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Luxemburg : European Language Resources Association ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    This paper describes general requirements for evaluating and documenting NLP tools with a focus on morphological analysers and the design of a Gold Standard. It is argued that any evaluation must be measurable and documentation thereof must be made... mehr

     

    This paper describes general requirements for evaluating and documenting NLP tools with a focus on morphological analysers and the design of a Gold Standard. It is argued that any evaluation must be measurable and documentation thereof must be made accessible for any user of the tool. The documentation must be of a kind that it enables the user to compare different tools offering the same service, hence the descriptions must contain measurable values. A Gold Standard presents a vital part of any measurable evaluation process, therefore, the corpus-based design of a Gold Standard, its creation and problems that occur are reported upon here. Our project concentrates on SMOR, a morphological analyser for German that is to be offered as a web-service. We not only utilize this analyser for designing the Gold Standard, but also evaluate the tool itself at the same time. Note that the project is ongoing, therefore, we cannot present final results.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Morphologie; Deutsch; Korpus; Sprachanalyse; Web Services
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  14. Part-of-Speech tagging of Northern Sotho: Disambiguating polysemous function words
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud ; Heid, Ulrich ; Taljard, Elsabe ; Prinsloo, Danie
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Stroudsburg : Association for Computational Linguistics ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    A major obstacle to part-of-speech (=POS) tagging of Northern Sotho (Bantu, S 32) are ambiguous function words. Many are highly polysemous and very frequent in texts, and their local context is not always distinctive. With certain taggers, this issue... mehr

     

    A major obstacle to part-of-speech (=POS) tagging of Northern Sotho (Bantu, S 32) are ambiguous function words. Many are highly polysemous and very frequent in texts, and their local context is not always distinctive. With certain taggers, this issue leads to comparatively poor results (between 88 and 92 % accuracy), especially when sizeable tagsets (over 100 tags) are used. We use the RF-tagger (Schmid and Laws,2008), which is particularly designed for the annotation of fine-grained tagsets (e.g. including agreement information), and we restructure the 141 tags of the tagset proposed by Taljard et al. (2008) in a way to fit the RF tagger. This leads to over 94 % accuracy. Error analysis in addition shows which types of phenomena cause trouble in the POS-tagging of Northern Sotho.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Nordsotho; Polysemie; Funktionswort; Methodologie; Bantusprachen
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  15. An integrated e-dictionary application – the case of an open educational trainer for Zulu
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud ; Bosch, Sonja
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Oxford : Oxford University Press ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) [Zweitveröffentlichung]

    This article describes an English Zulu learners’ dictionary that is part of a larger set of information tools, namely an online Zulu course, an e-dictionary of possessives (which was implemented earlier) accompanied by training software offering... mehr

     

    This article describes an English Zulu learners’ dictionary that is part of a larger set of information tools, namely an online Zulu course, an e-dictionary of possessives (which was implemented earlier) accompanied by training software offering translation tasks on several levels, and an ontology of morphemic items categorizing and describing all parts of speech of Zulu. The underlying lexicographic database contains the usual type of lexicographic data, such as translation equivalents and their respective morphosyntactic data, but its entries have been extended with data related to the lessons of the online course in order to enable the learner to link both tools autonomously. The ‘outer matter’ is integrated into the website in the form of several texts on additional web pages (how-to-use, typical outputs, grammar tables, information on morphosyntactic rules, etc.). The dictionary comprises a modular system, where each module fulfils one of the necessary functions.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Online-Wörterbuch; Zulu; Zulu-Sprache; Sprachkurs; Datenbank; Übersetzung
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  16. Computerlinguistische Herausforderungen, empirische Erforschung & multidisziplinäres Potenzial deutschsprachiger Songtexte. Editorial
    Autor*in: Schneider, Roman ; Faaß, Gertrud
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Hildesheim : Gesellschaft für Sprachtechnologie und Computerlinguistik ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

  17. Special issue on challenges in computational linguistics, empiric research & multidisciplinary potential of German song lyrics
    Autor*in: Schneider, Roman ; Faaß, Gertrud
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Hildesheim : Gesellschaft für Sprachtechnologie und Computerlinguistik ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

  18. Implementation of a part-of-speech ontology: morphemic units of Bantu languages
    Autor*in: Taljard, Elsabé ; Faaß, Gertrud ; Bosch, Sonja
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    In a previous article (Faaß et al., 2012), a first attempt was made at documenting and encoding morphemic units of two South African Bantu languages, i.e. Northern Sotho and Zulu, with the aim of describing and storing the morphemic units of these... mehr

     

    In a previous article (Faaß et al., 2012), a first attempt was made at documenting and encoding morphemic units of two South African Bantu languages, i.e. Northern Sotho and Zulu, with the aim of describing and storing the morphemic units of these two languages in a single relational database, structured as a hierarchical ontology. As a follow-up, the current article describes the implementation of our part-of-speech ontology. We give a detailed description of the morphemes and categories contained in the database, highlighting the need and reasons for a flexible ontology which will provide for both language specific and general linguistic information. By giving a detailed account of the methodology for the population of the database, we provide linguists from other Bantu languages with a road map for extending the database to also include their languages of specialization.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung>; Morphem; Bantusprachen; Pedi-Sprache; Zulu-Sprache; Datenbank; Methodologie; Morphologie
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  19. Towards a part-of-speech ontology: encoding morphemic units of two South African Bantu languages
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud ; Bosch, Sonja ; Taljard, Elsabé
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    This article describes the design of an electronic knowledge base, namely a morpho-syntactic database structured as an ontology of linguistic categories, containing linguistic units of two related languages of the South African Bantu group: Northern... mehr

     

    This article describes the design of an electronic knowledge base, namely a morpho-syntactic database structured as an ontology of linguistic categories, containing linguistic units of two related languages of the South African Bantu group: Northern Sotho and Zulu. These languages differ significantly in their surface orthographies, but are very similar on the lexical and sub-lexical levels. It is therefore our goal to describe the morphemes of these languages in a single common database in order to outline and interpret commonalities and differences in more detail. Moreover, the relational database which is developed defines the underlying morphemic units (morphs) for both languages. It will be shown that the electronic part-of-speech ontology goes hand in hand with part-of-speech tagsets that label morphemic units. This database is designed as part of a forthcoming system providing lexicographic and linguistic knowledge on the official South African Bantu languages.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Ontologie <Wissensverarbeitung>; Morphem; Bantusprachen; Datenbank; Pedi-Sprache; Zulu-Sprache; Morphologie
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  20. Designing a noun guesser for part of speech tagging in Northern Sotho
    Autor*in: Heid, Ulrich ; Prinsloo, Danie J. ; Faaß, Gertrud ; Taljard, Elsabé
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  London : Taylor & Francis ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) [Zweitveröffentlichung]

    In this article, we describe an element of a suite of computational tools for assigning word-class tags (as a preparation for part of speech (POS) tagging) to word forms in unrestricted Northern Sotho texts. POS-tagging is a step towards a linguistic... mehr

     

    In this article, we describe an element of a suite of computational tools for assigning word-class tags (as a preparation for part of speech (POS) tagging) to word forms in unrestricted Northern Sotho texts. POS-tagging is a step towards a linguistic analysis of the texts, which in turn allows for advanced data extraction. The tool component that is described, identifies (and classifies) noun forms. Several types of linguistic knowledge are used to recognize nouns that are not contained in the noun lexicon of the system. These include the relationship between singular and plural noun prefixes, knowledge about noun derivation, and data about the co-occurrence of the candidate with concords, pronouns and adjectives in a local context. Our implementation is a symbolic, voting-based process: together, all tests determine whether a candidate is a noun; accuracy on unseen test data is around 92%.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Pedi-Sprache; Computerlinguistik; Wortart; Substantiv; Datenanalyse
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  21. From to ISOTiger – community driven developments for syntax annotation in SynAF
    Autor*in: Bosch, Sonja ; Eckart, Kerstin ; Faaß, Gertrud ; Heid, Ulrich ; Lee, Kiyong ; Pareja-Lora, Antonio ; Pretorius, Laurette ; Romary, Laurent ; Witt, Andreas ; Zeldes, Amir ; Zipser, Florian
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Tübingen : Universität Tübingen ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    In 2010, ISO published a standard for syntactic annotation, ISO 24615:2010 (SynAF). Back then, the document specified a comprehensive reference model for the representation of syntactic annotations, but no accompanying XML serialisation. ISO’s... mehr

     

    In 2010, ISO published a standard for syntactic annotation, ISO 24615:2010 (SynAF). Back then, the document specified a comprehensive reference model for the representation of syntactic annotations, but no accompanying XML serialisation. ISO’s subcommittee on language resource management (ISO TC 37/SC 4) is working on making the SynAF serialisation ISOTiger an additional part of the standard. This contribution addresses the current state of development of ISOTiger, along with a number of open issues on which we are seeking community feedback in order to ensure that ISOTiger becomes a useful extension to the SynAF reference model.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Syntax; Annotation; Standardisierung; Texttechnologie
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  22. Nachhaltige Dokumentation virtueller Forschungsumgebungen
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud ; Heid, Ulrich
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Glückstadt : Werner Hülsbusch ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS)

    In den letzten Jahren werden immer mehr virtuelle Forschungsumgebungen für die maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung zur Verfügung gestellt. Diese sollten zum einen nachhaltig und zum anderen für potenzielle Nutzer vergleichbar dokumentiert werden. In... mehr

     

    In den letzten Jahren werden immer mehr virtuelle Forschungsumgebungen für die maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung zur Verfügung gestellt. Diese sollten zum einen nachhaltig und zum anderen für potenzielle Nutzer vergleichbar dokumentiert werden. In diesem Beitrag werden daher Bedingungen für die Nachhaltigkeit insbesondere von NLP- (Natural Language Processing) Werk-zeugen beschrieben: Die Dokumentation sollte nicht nur die Software, son-dern auch ihre Evaluierung anhand einer – ebenfalls gut dokumentierten – Testsuite umfassen. Im Beitrag werden auch Möglichkeiten dargestellt, den Dokumentationsvorgang selbst anhand von DocBook XML zu automatisieren. ; hroughout the last years, an increasing number of virtual research environ-ments have been offered in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). These should be documented in a sustainable way that also guarantees com-parability for potential users. This paper thus describes constraints for the sustainability of NLP-environments: the documentation must describe not only the software from the developer’s view, but also its evaluation accor-ding to a testsuite, which is itself to be documented comprehensively. The paper also describes the possibility of automating the documentation proc-esses by utilizing DocBook XML.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Forschung; Dokumentation; Sprachverarbeitung; Web Services; Natürliche Sprache; Nachhaltigkeit
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  23. A computational implementation of the Northern Sotho infinitive
    Autor*in: Faaß, Gertrud ; Prinsloo, D. J.
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  London : Taylor & Francis ; Mannheim : Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache (IDS) [Zweitveröffentlichung]

    The aim of this article is to describe the infinitive in Northern Sotho based on corpus data and the respective literature; so far, all share the same view: The infinitive is a noun (of class 15) and a verb at the same time—‘it manifests both nominal... mehr

     

    The aim of this article is to describe the infinitive in Northern Sotho based on corpus data and the respective literature; so far, all share the same view: The infinitive is a noun (of class 15) and a verb at the same time—‘it manifests both nominal as well as verbal features’ (Poulos & Louwrens, 1994:42). When implementing these constellations in a parser, however, a new perspective is found: to achieve its successful implementation, the infinitive must be defined as a verb on the one hand and as a noun of class 15 on the other, derived from this verb through nominalization (transposition). Instead of a subject concord, the verb stem in the infinitive is preceded by the respective class prefix.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Sprache (400)
    Schlagworte: Pedi-Sprache; Infinitiv; Korpus; Substantiv; Verb; Nominalisierung; Grammatik
    Lizenz:

    rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess