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  1. Soil microbial diversity : an ISO standard for soil DNA extraction
    Autor*in: Philippot, Laurent ; Abbate, Cristina ; Bispo, Antonio ; Chesnot, Thierry ; Hallin, Sara ; Lemanceau, Philippe, ; Lindstrom, Kristina ; Pandard, Pascal ; Romero, Esperanza ; Schloter, Michael ; Simonet, Pascal ; Smalla, Kornelia ; Wilke, Berndt-Michael ; Petric, Imes ; Martin-Laurent, Fabrice
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  HAL CCSD ; Springer Verlag

    International audience ; Soil carries out functions that are crucial for the environment and life on earth and is therefore an essential non-renewable resource for mankind. Recently, the European Soil Framework Directive proposal (COM(2006)232)... mehr

     

    International audience ; Soil carries out functions that are crucial for the environment and life on earth and is therefore an essential non-renewable resource for mankind. Recently, the European Soil Framework Directive proposal (COM(2006)232) indicated that soil is under increasing environmental pressure mostly due to the intensification of human activities, which are damaging the capacity of soil to continue to perform in full its broad variety of crucial functions. Most of these soil functions are dependent on microorganisms inhabiting the soil. The diversity of soil microorganisms is the highest on earth with estimates of several thousand to several million different genomes per gram of soil (Whitman et al. 1998; Torsvik et al. 2002; Zhang and Xu 2008). However, fundamental understanding of the diversity and ecology of microbial communities carrying out soil functions has been hampered by our inability to grow most microorganisms under laboratory conditions.Since the early eighties, direct DNA-based methods have been developed to circumvent the biases resulting from the low number of microorganisms that could be cultured, thus hampering our understanding of microbial diversity in soil (Torsvik 1980; Porteous et al. 1991; Tsai et al. 1991; Smalla et al. 1993; Zhou et al. 1996; He et al. 2005). These methods were based on direct extraction of the DNA from micro-organisms living in the soil, using various lysis treatments. Since then, numerous articles have been published describing either new or improved methods for soil DNA extraction and at least ten companies are commercializing “Soil DNA” extraction kits. The on-going success of these direct molecular methods for studying soil micro-organisms is reflected by the fact that more than 1,000 articles are now published yearly using some type of soil DNA extraction method. Unfortunately, the wide use of these methods has resulted in a huge number of laboratory or even user-specific protocols, which contain minor to major modifications of the existing methods or ...

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Übergeordneter Titel: ISSN: 1439-0108 ; EISSN: 1614-7480 ; Journal of Soils and Sediments ; https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-00969542 ; Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2010, 10 (7), pp.1344-1345. ⟨10.1007/s11368-010-0265-8⟩
    Schlagworte: DNA; SOL MICROBIEN; [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology; [SDE]Environmental Sciences
  2. RNA and DNA Editing
    Molecular Mechanisms and Their Integration into Biological Systems
    Autor*in: Smith, Harold C.
    Erschienen: 2008; ©2008.
    Verlag:  John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, Hoboken

    Harold C. Smith, PhD, is Professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at the University of Rochester and the founder and Chief Scientific Officerof OyaGen, a biotech company that develops drugs that target editing enzymes. Dr. Smith... mehr

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    Harold C. Smith, PhD, is Professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at the University of Rochester and the founder and Chief Scientific Officerof OyaGen, a biotech company that develops drugs that target editing enzymes. Dr. Smith organized the first Gordon Research Conference on RNA Editing in 1997 and holds four patents. Intro -- RNA AND DNA EDITING -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- CONTRIBUTORS -- PART I DIVERSIFICATION OF THE PROTEOME THROUGH RNA AND DNA EDITING -- CHAPTER 1 DIVERSIFYING EXON CODE THROUGH A-TO-I RNA EDITING -- 1.1 Introduction and Background -- 1.1.1 Initial Discovery and Context of A-to-I RNA Editing and ADARs -- 1.1.2 Important Cases of Recoding by A-to-I Modification in Pre-mRNA -- 1.1.3 Cis-Acting Features for A-to-I Editing -- 1.1.4 Properties of the A-to-I Editing Machinery -- 1.2 Main Questions in the Field and Approaches -- 1.2.1 Biochemical Versus Computational Approaches -- 1.2.2 Editing of miRNA Sequences -- 1.3 Future Directions: Evolution of Editing Sites and Machinery -- References -- CHAPTER 2 ANTIBODY GENE DIVERSIFICATION BY AID-CATALYZED DNA EDITING -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Before AID -- 2.2.1 Without DNA (Darkness) and with DNA (Light) -- 2.2.2 Prominent Early Models for Antibody Diversification -- 2.2.3 How Protein Sequencing Technology Enabled an Understanding of Antibody Diversity -- 2.2.4 Somatic DNA Rearrangements Underpin V(D)J Joining and Create the Primary Antibody Repertoire -- 2.2.5 Additional Antibody Diversity by Somatic Hypermutation (and Gene Conversion in Some Animals) -- 2.2.6 Altering Antibody Function by Class Switch Recombination (Isotype Switching) -- 2.3 After AID -- 2.3.1 A Novel Deaminase Is Required for CSR, SHM, and IGC -- 2.3.2 AID Is a DNA Cytosine Deaminase that Directly Triggers Antibody Diversification -- 2.3.3 The Importance of Uracil Bases in DNA In Vivo -- 2.3.4 Processing of AID-induced Lesions: The Molecular Mechanism of Somatic-Hypermutation -- 2.3.5 Processing of AID-induced Lesions: The Molecular Mechanism of Immunoglobulin Gene Conversion -- 2.3.6 Processing of AID-induced Lesions: The Molecular Mechanism of Class Switch Recombination -- 2.4 Hot Areas and Speculations.

     
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    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9780470262252
    RVK Klassifikation: WD 5355 ; WD 5360
    Auflage/Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    Schlagworte: DNA; Genetic transcription; Nucleotide sequence; RNA editing; Electronic books
    Umfang: 1 online resource (464 pages)
    Bemerkung(en):

    Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources