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  1. Inter-laboratory evaluation of the ISO standard 11063 "soil quality - method to directly extract DNA from soil samples"
    Autor*in: Petric, Imes ; Philippot, Laurent ; Abbate, Cristina ; Bispo, Antonio ; Chesnot, Thierry ; Hallin, Sara ; Laval, K. ; Lebeau, T. ; Lemanceau, Philippe, ; Leyval, C. ; Lindstrom, Kristina ; Pandard, Pascal ; Romero, E. ; Sarr, A. ; Schloter, Michael ; Simonet, Pascal ; Smalla, Kornelia ; Wilke, Berndt-Michael ; Martin-Laurent, Fabrice
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  HAL CCSD ; Elsevier

    International audience ; Extracting DNA directly from micro-organisms living in soil is a crucial step for the molecular analysis of soil microbial communities. However, the use of a plethora of different soil DNA extraction protocols, each with its... mehr

     

    International audience ; Extracting DNA directly from micro-organisms living in soil is a crucial step for the molecular analysis of soil microbial communities. However, the use of a plethora of different soil DNA extraction protocols, each with its own bias, makes accurate data comparison difficult. To overcome this problem, a method for soil DNA extraction was proposed to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 2006. This method was evaluated by 13 independent European laboratories actively participating in national and international ring tests. The reproducibility of the standardized method for molecular analyses was evaluated by comparing the amount of DNA extracted, as well as the abundance and genetic structure of the total bacterial community in the DNA extracted from 12 different soils by the 13 laboratories. High quality DNA was successfully extracted from all 12 soils, despite different physical and chemical characteristics and a range of origins from arable soils, through forests to industrial sites. Quantification of the 16S rRNA gene abundances by real time PCR and analysis of the total bacterial community structure by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (A-RISA) showed acceptable to good levels of reproducibility. Based on the results of both ring-tests, the method was unanimously approved by the ISO as an international standard method and the normative protocol will now be disseminated within the scientific community. Standardization of a soil DNA extraction method will improve data comparison, facilitating our understanding of soil microbial diversity and soil quality monitoring

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Übergeordneter Titel: ISSN: 0167-7012 ; EISSN: 1872-8359 ; Journal of Microbiological Methods ; https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-00963282 ; Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2011, 84 (3), pp.454-460. ⟨10.1016/j.mimet.2011.01.016⟩
    Schlagworte: INTER-LABORATORY ASSAY; STANDARDIZATION; SOIL DNA EXTRACTION; DNA FINGERPRINT; QPCR; [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology; [SDE]Environmental Sciences
  2. Soil microbial diversity : an ISO standard for soil DNA extraction
    Autor*in: Philippot, Laurent ; Abbate, Cristina ; Bispo, Antonio ; Chesnot, Thierry ; Hallin, Sara ; Lemanceau, Philippe, ; Lindstrom, Kristina ; Pandard, Pascal ; Romero, Esperanza ; Schloter, Michael ; Simonet, Pascal ; Smalla, Kornelia ; Wilke, Berndt-Michael ; Petric, Imes ; Martin-Laurent, Fabrice
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  HAL CCSD ; Springer Verlag

    International audience ; Soil carries out functions that are crucial for the environment and life on earth and is therefore an essential non-renewable resource for mankind. Recently, the European Soil Framework Directive proposal (COM(2006)232)... mehr

     

    International audience ; Soil carries out functions that are crucial for the environment and life on earth and is therefore an essential non-renewable resource for mankind. Recently, the European Soil Framework Directive proposal (COM(2006)232) indicated that soil is under increasing environmental pressure mostly due to the intensification of human activities, which are damaging the capacity of soil to continue to perform in full its broad variety of crucial functions. Most of these soil functions are dependent on microorganisms inhabiting the soil. The diversity of soil microorganisms is the highest on earth with estimates of several thousand to several million different genomes per gram of soil (Whitman et al. 1998; Torsvik et al. 2002; Zhang and Xu 2008). However, fundamental understanding of the diversity and ecology of microbial communities carrying out soil functions has been hampered by our inability to grow most microorganisms under laboratory conditions.Since the early eighties, direct DNA-based methods have been developed to circumvent the biases resulting from the low number of microorganisms that could be cultured, thus hampering our understanding of microbial diversity in soil (Torsvik 1980; Porteous et al. 1991; Tsai et al. 1991; Smalla et al. 1993; Zhou et al. 1996; He et al. 2005). These methods were based on direct extraction of the DNA from micro-organisms living in the soil, using various lysis treatments. Since then, numerous articles have been published describing either new or improved methods for soil DNA extraction and at least ten companies are commercializing “Soil DNA” extraction kits. The on-going success of these direct molecular methods for studying soil micro-organisms is reflected by the fact that more than 1,000 articles are now published yearly using some type of soil DNA extraction method. Unfortunately, the wide use of these methods has resulted in a huge number of laboratory or even user-specific protocols, which contain minor to major modifications of the existing methods or ...

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Übergeordneter Titel: ISSN: 1439-0108 ; EISSN: 1614-7480 ; Journal of Soils and Sediments ; https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-00969542 ; Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2010, 10 (7), pp.1344-1345. ⟨10.1007/s11368-010-0265-8⟩
    Schlagworte: DNA; SOL MICROBIEN; [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology; [SDE]Environmental Sciences
  3. Risk of breast cancer associated with long-term exposure to Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) air pollution: Evidence from the French E3N cohort study
    Autor*in: Amadou, Amina ; Praud, Delphine ; Coudon, Thomas ; Deygas, Floriane ; Grassot, Lény ; Faure, Élodie ; Couvidat, Florian ; Caudeville, Julien ; Bessagnet, Bertrand ; Salizzoni, Pietro ; Gulliver, John ; Leffondré, Karen ; Severi, Gianluca ; Romana Mancini, Francesca ; Fervers, Béatrice
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  HAL CCSD

    International audience ; BACKGROUND AND AIM: Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is an endocrine-disrupting pollutant formed during incomplete combustion of organic materials. It has been recognized as a reproductive toxicant, however epidemiological evidence of... mehr

     

    International audience ; BACKGROUND AND AIM: Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is an endocrine-disrupting pollutant formed during incomplete combustion of organic materials. It has been recognized as a reproductive toxicant, however epidemiological evidence of its long-term effect on breast cancer (BC) is limited. Thus we evaluated associations between ambient air BaP exposure and risk of BC, overall and according to menopausal status and molecular subtypes (estrogen receptor negative/positive (ER-/ER+) and progesterone receptor negative/positive (PR-/PR+)), stage and grade of differentiation of BC in the French E3N cohort study. METHODS: Within a nested case-control study of 5,222 incident BC cases and 5,222 matched controls, annual BaP exposure was estimated using a chemistry-transport model (CHIMERE) and was assigned to the geocoded residential addresses of participants for each year during the 1990-2011 follow-up period. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS:Overall, cumulative airborne BaP exposure was significantly associated with the overall risk of BC, for each 1 interquartile range (IQR) increase in the concentration levels of BaP (1.42 ng/m3), the OR = 1.15 (95%CI: 1.04-1.27). However, by menopausal status, the significant positive association remained only in women who underwent menopausal transition (i.e. premenopausal women at inclusion who became postmenopausal at diagnosis), OR per 1 IQR = 1.20; 95%CI: 1.03-1.40. By hormone receptor status, positive associations were observed for ER+, PR+ and ER+PR+ BC, with ORs = 1.17 (95%CI: 1.04-1.32), 1.16 (95%CI: 1.01-1.33), and 1.17 (95%CI: 1.01-1.36) per 1 IQR, respectively. There was also a borderline positive association between BaP and grade 3 BC (OR per 1 IQR = 1.15(95%CI: 0.99-1.34). CONCLUSIONS:We provide evidence of increased risk of BC associated with cumulative BaP exposure, which varied according to menopausal status, hormone receptor status, and grade of ...

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    Übergeordneter Titel: 33. Annual Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE 2021): Promoting Environmental Health and Equity in a Shifting Climate ; https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-03514659 ; 33. Annual Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE 2021): Promoting Environmental Health and Equity in a Shifting Climate, International Society for Environmental Epidemiology, Aug 2021, New York, United States. ⟨10.1016/j.envint.2021.106399⟩
    Schlagworte: airborne benzo[a]pyrene; breast cancer; residential history; menopausal transition; hormone receptor status; differentiation grade; [SDE]Environmental Sciences; [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]; [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology; environment; [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
  4. National scale LUR model over France for PM10, PM2.5, NO2 and O3: development, validation and back-extrapolation from 2010 to 1990
    Autor*in: Coudon, Thomas ; Grassot, Lény ; Couvidat, Florian ; Fervers, Béatrice ; Gulliver, John
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  HAL CCSD

    International audience ; BACKGROUND AND AIM: In the context of a case-control study nested in a French cohort of about 10400 subjects, on air pollution exposures and breast cancer risk, we reconstructed subjects' exposures to four pollutants (PM10,... mehr

     

    International audience ; BACKGROUND AND AIM: In the context of a case-control study nested in a French cohort of about 10400 subjects, on air pollution exposures and breast cancer risk, we reconstructed subjects' exposures to four pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, NO2 and O3) between 1990 and 2010, using land use regression models. METHODS: We used databases of ambient air measurements, a large number of geographical variables and background pollution data provided by a country-wide chemistry-transport model (CTM) with an 8x8km resolution. We first built baseline models for the most recent year of the study period (2010) and validated them via cross-validation (pooling of predictions from leave-20%-out). In a second step, we extrapolated the baseline models to 1990. For each pollutant, we tried multiple backextrapolation approach (trends established with concentrations measured from remote location or simulated by the CTM). We selected the best method, based on the performance compared to the measurement data available between 1990 and 2009 (and non-used for the backextrapolation). RESULTS:The cross-validation of the baseline models showed robust results (CV-R²; CV-RMSE): NO2 (0.67; 7.5), PM10 (0.64; 3.3), PM2.5 (0.51; 2.6) and O3 (0.60; 6.2). Based on the baseline models, we produced high spatial resolution maps of the French territory (50x50m). The extrapolation of the baseline models to 1990 seems to produce better results if based on trends established at the local scale (8x8km) with the CTM data. For NO2 and O3, the statistical indicators remain fairly stable over the period. For PM10 and PM2.5, we observe a drop in performance over the period 1990-1998. This can partly be explained by the very low number of PM10 and PM2.5 measurement data available in France before 2000, which limits extensive comparisons. CONCLUSIONS:This work shows that it is possible to accurately reconstruct exposures over very large territories and long periods thanks to the input of simulated background pollution data.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Konferenzveröffentlichung
    Format: Online
    Übergeordneter Titel: 33. Annual Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE 2021): Promoting Environmental Health and Equity in a Shifting Climate ; https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-03514688 ; 33. Annual Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE 2021): Promoting Environmental Health and Equity in a Shifting Climate, International Society for Environmental Epidemiology, Aug 2021, New York, United States. ⟨10.1289/isee.2021.P-563⟩
    Schlagworte: air pollution; long term exposure; LUR; CTM; [SDE]Environmental Sciences; [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
  5. Investigation of a Gaussian Plume in the Vicinity of an Urban Cyclotron Using Helium as a Tracer Gas
    Autor*in: Laguionie, Philippe ; Connan, Olivier ; Tien, Thinh, ; Vecchiola, Sophie ; Chardeur, Johann ; Cazimajou, Olivier ; Solier, Luc ; Volta, P. ; Chen, Liying ; Korsakissok, Irène ; Guellec, Malo, ; Soulhac, Lionel ; Tripathi, Amita ; Maro, Denis
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  HAL CCSD ; MDPI

    International audience ; Studies focusing on the radiological impact of fluorine 18 on populations living near to cyclotrons (<200 m) frequently assume normal distribution of atmospheric concentration for simplification purposes. On this basis,... mehr

     

    International audience ; Studies focusing on the radiological impact of fluorine 18 on populations living near to cyclotrons (<200 m) frequently assume normal distribution of atmospheric concentration for simplification purposes. On this basis, Gaussian models are used, despite their limits, as deployment requires little input data and computing resources. To estimate the ability of a Gaussian model to predict atmospheric dispersion in an urban environment, we used helium as a new passive tracer of atmospheric dispersion in the near-field range (<500 m) of the Beuvry hospital cyclotron (France). The atmospheric transfer coefficients measured in the field were compared with those modeled using a Gaussian equation. According to the results, helium is an effective tracer of atmospheric dispersion when attempting to determine atmospheric transfer coefficients ( downwind of a discharge point. The Briggs-rural, Briggs-urban and Doury Gaussian models underestimate and sometimes maximum in the prevailing weather conditions during the experiments. By compiling the results of this study with data from the literature, it appears that the maximum observed obey a power law as a function of the distance from the discharge point, for distances from the discharge point in excess of 20 m.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt Germanistik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Übergeordneter Titel: ISSN: 2073-4433 ; EISSN: 2073-4433 ; Atmosphere ; https://hal-irsn.archives-ouvertes.fr/irsn-03967211 ; Atmosphere, 2022, 13 (8), pp.1223. &#x27E8;10.3390/atmos13081223&#x27E9;
    Schlagworte: tracing experiment; helium; cyclotron; urban environment; near-field; gaussian plume; [SDE]Environmental Sciences
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess