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  1. A new poetics of science : on the establishment of "scientific-fictional literature" in the Soviet Union
    Erschienen: 02.06.2020

    It has been mostly forgotten today that Varlam Shalamov had once identified himself as a passionate supporter of the so-called 'nauchno-khudozhestvennaia literatura'. This term is derived from the Russian term for fiction ('khudozhestvennaia... mehr

     

    It has been mostly forgotten today that Varlam Shalamov had once identified himself as a passionate supporter of the so-called 'nauchno-khudozhestvennaia literatura'. This term is derived from the Russian term for fiction ('khudozhestvennaia literatura') and can be translated as "scientific-fictional literature" but also as "scientific-artistic literature." Hence all of the advocates of the term, including Shalamov, emphatically insisted not only on the "fictionality" ('khudozhestvennost' '), but also on the "skill" or "art" ('iskusstvo') - the "artistic" qualities - as a fundamental element of the new genre, without which its goals could not be achieved. [...] But what kind of genre was this sort of literature, now mostly forgotten, for which Shalamov had so much hope? To answer this question, Matthias Schwartz reconstrucs the conditions in the late 1920s and early 1930s that motivated Maxim Gorky and the then famous children's book author Samuil Marshak, on the eve of the First All-Union Congress of Soviet Writers, to launch this compound adjective, 'nauchno-khudozhestvennaia literatura', and to create a new type of literature located at the intersection of literary fiction and science journalism. In highlighting the main arguments around this literature, Schwartz elaborates how difficult and disputed its constitution was in the course of the gradual establishment of Socialist Realism as the singular aesthetic doctrine for literary production and why it did not succeed in establishing itself as a separate literary genre until the postwar period. In the last section Schwartz analyzes the characteristics of one of the most emblematic works written in this literary field before briefly returning to a more generalizing conclusion and taking a look at the modest afterlife of the genre since the Thaw period.

     

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    Quelle: GiNDok
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); 891.8
    Sammlung: Leibniz-Zentrum für Literatur- und Kulturforschung (ZfL)
    Schlagworte: Sowjetunion; Science-Fiction-Literatur
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

    ;

    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

  2. Prophetic criticism and the rhetoric of temporality : Paul Tillich's 'Kairos' texts and Weimar intellectual politics

    The paper discusses Paul Tillich's changing conception of a "prophetic critique" of contemporary culture and society through the notion of a "kairos", the moment of fullfilled time. It shows how Tillich refers both to a specific notion of prophecy... mehr

     

    The paper discusses Paul Tillich's changing conception of a "prophetic critique" of contemporary culture and society through the notion of a "kairos", the moment of fullfilled time. It shows how Tillich refers both to a specific notion of prophecy (developed in Max Weber's reflections on charisma) and to a concept of eschatological time (developed in Karl Barth's dialectical theology). In different texts from the 1920ies and the 1950ies, Tillich uses the idea of "kairos" for a critique of the "idols" of bourgeois culture that is both radical and urgent. However, read in their historic sequence, these texts also reveal the difficulty of upholding the urgency of such a critique over time - as a result, Tillich's notion of "kairos" becomes more and more reflexive and self critical as the possibility of prophetic critique is concerned.

     

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    Quelle: GiNDok
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Sammlung: Leibniz-Zentrum für Literatur- und Kulturforschung (ZfL)
    Schlagworte: Tillich, Paul; Weber, Max; Barth, Karl; Weimarer Republik; Politische Theologie; Prophetie; Religiöser Sozialismus
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

  3. Beginnings : constituting wholes, haunting, plasticity

    Wholes are said to be more than the sum of their parts. This 'more' contains both a promise and a threat. When different elements - which might be individuals, cultures, disciplines, or methods - form a whole, they not only join forces but also... mehr

     

    Wholes are said to be more than the sum of their parts. This 'more' contains both a promise and a threat. When different elements - which might be individuals, cultures, disciplines, or methods - form a whole, they not only join forces but also generate a surplus from which the parts can benefit. Being part of a whole is a way to acquire meaning and to extend beyond one's limited existence; and having a part in the whole is to have an enlarged agency. But wholes are also more powerful than the sum of their parts. Wholes constitute their parts: they determine what is a part and what is apart, what can become a part, and which parts have no part. Even if parts therefore may not be said to pre-exist a whole, there may still be something in them that exceeds being a part - if only the possibility of being part of a different whole.

     

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    Quelle: GiNDok
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Teil eines Buches (Kapitel); bookPart
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 978-3-85132-854-7
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Sammlung: ICI Berlin
    Schlagworte: Malabou, Catherine; Ganzheit; Plastizität; Totalität
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/deed.de

    ;

    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

  4. Sexual ghosts and the whole of history : queer historiography, post-slavery subjectivities, and sadomasochism in Isaac Julien's "The Attendant"

    Volker Woltersdorff's essay 'Sexual Ghosts and the Whole of History: Queer Historiography, Post-Slavery Subjectivities, and Sadomasochism in Isaac Julien's "The Attendant"' discusses the controversial concept of wholeness in historiography with... mehr

     

    Volker Woltersdorff's essay 'Sexual Ghosts and the Whole of History: Queer Historiography, Post-Slavery Subjectivities, and Sadomasochism in Isaac Julien's "The Attendant"' discusses the controversial concept of wholeness in historiography with regard to the fascination with past horrors and the desire to do justice to their victims who retain a ghostly presence. The essay retraces how this commitment produces a dilemma, as it can result either in the aspiration to historical wholeness as full memoralization or alternatively in the radical rejection of wholeness as an impossible healing. Employing Elizabeth Freeman's notion of 'erotohistoriography', Woltersdorff introduces affect into the work of historiography in order to find an escape from the dilemmatic impasse between history's wholeness as pacified reconciliation and as ongoing catastrophe along the lines of Walter Benjamin. Sadomasochism is presented as a practice that may correspond most adequately to the paradoxical affect caused by traumatic history that continues to haunt the present. Indeed, re-enactments of historical oppression and violence occur frequently within the BDSM community. However, what distinguishes them from 'living history' re-enactments is their potential to modify affective attachments to history by altering the historical script. The essay elaborates this potential through Isaac Julien's 1993 short film "The Attendant", which, in a kind of queer re-enactment, overwrites the memory of colonial chattel slavery by a sadomasochistic encounter of a black guardian and a white visitor in a museum dedicated to the history of slavery. The film raises the ethical and political question of how to relate affectively to the legacy and ongoing presence of racism. Against this backdrop, the author argues that, through the BDSM scenario and its changes to the historical script, Julien's film represents and promotes a paradoxical way to perform both the memorialization and the forgetting of past horrors and pleasures. Here, historical wholeness acquires a conflicting double meaning of both achieving completeness and restoring integrity. Woltersdorff concludes by interpreting "The Attendant" as urging a utopian perspective, produced by the tension between the impossibility of history's wholeness and the necessary, reparative desire for it. The article concludes by highlighting the paradox that Julien's film shows wholeness 'to be impossible and yet necessary' and 'expresses a necessary desire made impossible'. While the essay explicitly engages with the figure of haunting, one could perhaps speak here also of plasticity insofar as the contradictory conjunction of remembering and forgetting seems to rely on a malleability of affects and on producing an affective economy that sustains the fantasmatic remembrance of a painful past through paradoxical pleasure but breaks with any pleasure derived from real inequality, injustice, or suffering imparted non-consensually.

     

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  5. Things I learned from the "Book of Ruth" : diasporic reading of queer conversions
    Autor*in: Preser, Ruth

    Ruth Preser's essay 'Things I Learned from the "Book of Ruth": Diasporic Reading of Queer Conversions' performs a queer appropriation of history. The "Book of Ruth" is a biblical narrative that opens with two women, Naomi the Israelite, a bereaved... mehr

     

    Ruth Preser's essay 'Things I Learned from the "Book of Ruth": Diasporic Reading of Queer Conversions' performs a queer appropriation of history. The "Book of Ruth" is a biblical narrative that opens with two women, Naomi the Israelite, a bereaved woman who wishes to return from Moab to Judea, and her no-longer-daughter-in-law Ruth the Moabite, who pledges to follow Naomi, turning away from her gods and people. This laconic tale of nomadic intimacies and speech-acts of pledges and conversions has become an iconic narrative and a seminal text in Judaism, and it has also been appropriated by contemporary feminist and lesbian readings. Indeed, since it is not fully narrated but rather full of gaps, voids, and 'ghostly matters', the "Book of Ruth" provides apt ground and a malleable vessel for contemporary appropriation by stories seeking incarnation beyond linear or teleological constraints. In Preser's 'palimpsest reading', the biblical tale continues to communicate a story of successful assimilation of the poor and the foreign, and of a 'home-coming', but it is troubled by displacement, unresolved diasporic longing, and an acute and continuous sense of vulnerability. Thinking with Avery Gordon's modality of haunting, Preser's reading aims to understand contemporary forms of dispossession and their impact, especially when their oppressive nature is denied. It reflects on what kind of theory might emerge by remobilizing the category of 'home' through its de-constitution, through movement rather than destination, through disintegration rather than determination. Troubled by questions of race, nomadism, gender, and sexuality, in an era when (some) bodies may traverse national, sexual, and class borders, Preser's investigation asks what happens to bodies that continuously signify precarity and loss.

     

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    Quelle: GiNDok
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Teil eines Buches (Kapitel); bookPart
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 978-3-85132-854-7
    DDC Klassifikation: Bibel (220); Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Sammlung: ICI Berlin
    Schlagworte: Bibel. Rut; Diaspora <Religion>; Judentum; Homosexualität; Zugehörigkeit
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/deed.de

    ;

    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess